Introductions

This project’s joint NMI/DI, industry and university expertise will ensure that the challenging aims will be realised in an effective and timely way that stimulates early uptake of the project’s results by industry. Successful collaboration between the participants has already been proven in previous projects such as EMPIR JRPs 14IND08 ElPow, 15NRM04 ROCOF, 17NRM01 TrafoLoss and 19ENG02 FutureEnergy. The consortium brings together a unique combination of knowledge, experience and complementary facilities, and has extensive contacts with utilities and grid operators.

RISE has a long history in high voltage and high current metrology, featuring capabilities in a.c. and d.c. quantities up to the 1.2 MV and 10 kA levels. The work performed at RISE is roughly divided into three areas, metrological research and standardisation, onsite calibration for industry and for the Swedish TSO SvK energy metering and testing activities. The interaction between these areas brought about the successful completion of EMPIR JRPs 14IND08 ElPow, 17NRM01 TrafoLoss and 19ENG02 FutureEnergy, which will feed into all WPs. RISE will lead WP4 and coordinate the project. The HV laboratory of RISE has all the required references and sources to support this work.

INRIM has developed knowhow and facilities for the generation and measurement of d.c. and a.c. currents with superimposed harmonics and/or other arbitrary PQ disturbances from the EMPIR project 20NRM01 DCGRID. These facilities, together with the setups for the temperature and humidity testing of current sensors under AC, and distorted high current waveforms, will be exploited in WP1 in the characterisation of the reference sensors under realistic conditions. INRIM will lead WP1 and will contribute to WP3.

LNE has over 70 years of experience in research and development related to high voltage, high current, impulse voltage, impulse current and power measurements. LNE has designed standards for a.c. voltages up to 300 kV, d.c. voltages up to 250 kV and impulse voltages up to 420 kV. They have also developed several reference measurement systems, and accurate calibration and characterisation methods. Utilising this expertise, and benefiting from past European project experience, LNE will contribute to WP1, WP2 and WP3.

NPL is highly experienced in electricity grid metrology, including digital signal processing algorithms, electronic instrument design and on-site measurement using synchronised wide-area measurement systems, all of which will be essential for WP1, WP2, and WP4. NPL will apply its worldleading experience in power quality and ROCOF algorithms to the estimation of inertial response and power quality support delivery of converters.

PTB is a pioneer in the field of power and energy measurement as well as high-voltage measurement technology and has several laboratories, for example for instrument transformers, high voltage and alternating current. PTB’s expertise includes an extensive infrastructure for alternating current, power calibration and direct current. Voltage sources up to 800 kV with a frequency of 16 to 400 Hz and network simulators for three-phase 400V networks up to 30 kVA are available.

VSL is a leading institute in electricity-grid metrology with a wide range of facilities and expertise and excellent links to utilities and other stakeholders. VSL has participated in many grid-related projects and coordinated four projects (ENG04 SmartGrid, 17NRM01 TrafoLoss, 20NRM03 DC grids, and 23IND06 Met4EVCS). In this project, VSL will lead WP3 and use its knowledge and capabilities to develop measurement setups and perform measurements on GFM converters.

VTT has a long history of research in high voltage measurements and calibrations, both inhouse and onsite. Its facilities include ±200 kV DC, AC and lightning impulse, and 20 kV switching impulse systems. VTT also houses single and three-phase electrical power calibration facilities, and extensive related on-site calibration and measurement instrumentation. VTT has participated in many gridrelated JRPs and coordinated 2, i.e., ENG61 FutureGrid and 22NRM02 Digital-IT. VTT will also contribute mainly to WP2, WP3 and WP4. VTT’s main emphasis will be on characterisation of measuring systems for precision laboratory and on-site measurements.

CIRCE has broad experience working on more than nine metrology projects including digital substations and DC electricity grids. Moreover, CIRCE has a strong range of facilities that will be put at the disposal of the project, such as their Laboratory of Electrical Metrology (LME); International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation Mutual Recognition Arrangement (ILACMRA) recognised and accredited laboratory for PQ measurements and LV and LF calibrations according to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). CIRCE will contribute to WP1, WP2, and WP4.

HRW is a university of applied sciences, founded in 2009 in Ruhr region. Thanks to the young team, most of whom come from industry, and the well-equipped laboratories, many research projects with regional, national and European funding have been acquired and completed very successfully. Some researchers have been developing measurement technology on power lines for > 25 years and are wellknown in powerline communications community. Short-term harmonic power flow analysis has been developed over the last ten years and is used in this project.

Lukasiewicz-ITR (Lukasiewicz Tele and Radio Research Institute) is a Polish research Institute under the Ministry of Trade and Industry. Lukasiewicz-ITR has the following expertise relating to the project: alternating current and voltage measurements; power substation measurement, control and protection devices; digital signal processing; power substations automation protocols, e.g. IEC 61850; wide bandwidth low power current and voltage transducers conforming to IEC 61869 standard; embedded devices for industrial use; embedded solutions for UTC time acquisition with the use of PTP protocol.

STRATH (University of Strathclyde) is a leading international technological university in the UK with expertise in power systems, converter design, system testing, power/controller hardware in the loop testing, and PQ measurement algorithms. STRATH has a microgrid and a real-time-digital-simulator for advanced power system simulations and testing. STRATH will support GFM testbed design and development and testing methodologies to support commercial converter testing.

TUD has a major influence in the PQ community through their excellent research record and their significant contribution to standards committees. TUD has more than 45 years of experience in measurement, modelling and analysis of PQ phenomena. Considering its experience and broad measurement setups, TUD will be instrumental in developing and testing the measurement algorithms created within WP2 and WP4.

TU-E has a unique smart grid/ PQ-laboratory with grid simulators and PQ- measurement tools. Power Quality is one of the research areas within electrical engineering and there is a well-established cooperation with grid operators, standardisation committees and other stakeholders in the PQ–community. The focus within the PQ-group is on the quality and stability of the electricity network on all voltage levels.

UniCampania has more than 30 years of experience in the field of applied measurements for power systems, especially about wideband characterisation of instrument transformers, characterisation of power converters, embedded power/power quality measurement devices, signal processing of distorted electrical signals. It is active in many Italian and European research projects focused on innovative measurement techniques and devices for power systems. It participates to international standardisation activities (IEC TC 38).

UPV/EHU has strong expertise in grid forming converters research and industrial projects, which will be used for developing grid forming oriented measurements and testing advanced functionalities. UPV/EHU has strong testbed capabilities with several 30 kVA converters and grid emulation capabilities, which will be used in the project. UPV/EHU will contribute to WP1, WP2 and WP4.

UTwente has unique knowledge and measurement facilities for laboratory and onsite grid measurements, including advanced analysis of the resulting data. It will use these facilities and expertise in WP2, WP3, and WP4 to perform both laboratory and on-site testing of GFM converters, including the evaluation of their efficiency, with a focus on advanced data analysis.

METAS (the Swiss National Metrology Institute) is active in high voltage and high current metrology, both in industrial and legal metrology. In the first case, METAS is providing traceability to the SI to Swiss and international customers among which are manufactures and accredited laboratories. In the second case, METAS is responsible for the national approval of the instrument transformers that are used in conjunction with revenue meters. METAS will contribute to WP1, WP2 and WP3. METAS is an associated partner to all the Internal beneficiaries.